Attitudes

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VC’s Test of Monolingualism Mark III

General factual feelings about social monolingualism

In my country people have an advantage who use one language every day rather than more than one language.

In my country people who speak only one language every day have more friends than people who speak more than one language.

In my country most people use only one language every day.

In my country people who use two or more languages every day get better jobs than those who use only one.

In everyday life in my country most people need to speak more than one language.

People who live in my country should all speak the same language.

A country is more successful if the people in it speak more than one language.

General opinions about psychological monolingualism

People who speak more than one language have less psychological problems than people who speak only one.

People who speak one language think less clearly than those who speak two or more.

People know more if they speak one language rather than two or more.

People who speak one language get more confused about their identity than people who speak two or more.

People who speak one language are less open-minded than people who speak two or more.

People who speak one language are more trustworthy than people who speak two or more.

People who speak one language are more emotionally stable than people who speak two or more.

Speaking two languages at home is a handicap for a child.

People who use one language all the time usually succeed at their careers more than people who speak more than one language.

People who speak one language every day are more relaxed than people who speak more than one language.

People who speak one language every day have worse memories than those who speak two or more.

People who speak two or more languages think more quickly than those who speak one.

Personal feelings about monolingualism

It is important for me to speak my first language well rather than to speak other languages.

I will always feel more myself in my first language than in another language.

I would like to be considered a speaker of two languages rather than just a speaker of my first language.

I would feel more at home with people who speak two or more languages than with people who speak only my first language.

I would prefer to use one language every day rather than two or more.

I would be happier if I spoke one language every day than if I spoke two or more.

I would feel a less confident person if I spoke one language every day than if I spoke two or more.

MISC VC items

The people who speak a language best are those who know only one language rather than two or more.

Native speakers make the best language teachers.

You should try not to use your first language while you are learning another language.

It is important not to have an accent in another language.

Switching between languages in a conversation is rude even if the other person knows both languages.

Children learn second languages better than adults.

People who go to live in a new country should give up their own language.

It is difficult to learn a second language in a classroom.

Gardner’s 8

Speaking or learning another language is important to me because it will allow me to be more at ease with people who speak that language.

Speaking or learning another language is important to me only because I need it for my career.

Speaking or learning another language is important to me because I will be able to meet and talk to more kinds of people.

Speaking or learning another language is important to me because it will make me more knowledgeable.

Speaking or learning another language is important to me because I will be able to enjoy the films and books of the people who speak it better.

Speaking or learning another language is important to me because I think it will someday be useful in getting a good job.

Speaking or learning another language is important to me because I will be able to take part more freely in the activities of other cultural groups.

Speaking or learning another language is important to me because other people will respect me more if I know another language.

Selection from Baker’s Attitudes to Bilingualism test

It is important to be able to speak two languages.

Knowing two languages makes people cleverer.

Being able to write in two languages is important.

All schools in my country should teach pupils to speak in two languages.

Children in my country should learn to read two languages.

People who speak two languages can have more friends than those who speak one language.

People may earn more money if they speak two languages. 

People know more if they speak two languages.

Positive attitudes to monolingualism in children in 5 countries

Monolingualism graphic

Social: In my country most people use only one language every day.
Psychological: People who speak one language every day are more relaxed than people who speak more than one language.
Personal: I will always feel more myself in my first language than in another language.

 

Positive Attitudes to Bilingualism in Children from 5 Countries

Bilingualism graphic

Example: It is important to be able to speak two languages.