Gur. Bindi and Tippi in modern Panjabi are used according to the following rule:
The initial forms of short and long 'u' take Bindi; Short and long 'u' after a consonant take Tippi; All other short vowels take Tippi; All other long vowels take Bindi.
Gur. Adhak simply doubles the following consonant, or puts the unaspirated consonant before an aspirated one:
. Before a vowel, Adhak is treated by resolution of ambiguity (see Note 12).
Last updated: 10 June 2002