Glossary for web, etc.     C

      
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Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) - styles for HTML pages held in separate files (with extension .css). In the header of the HTML pages the .css file is referenced using a LINK tag.
See Cascading Style Sheets, level 2 - CSS2 Specification


CateNet A network in which hosts are connected to networks with varying characteristics, and the networks are interconnected by gateways (routers). eg The Internet


CBNL Connect But No Login


CBS ETSI: Cell Broadcast Service (for mobile phones)


CBT Computer Based Training


CCA Common Cryptographic Architecture - IBM encryption for DOS

CCA Compatible Communications Architecture - X.25 protocol.

CCA Communications Control Architecture - a US Navy ISDN net.


CCITT Commite Consultatif International Telephonique et Telegraphique - official regulatory body for data comms standards.


CDDI Copper Distributed Data Interface - cheap alternative to FDDI.


CEN European Committee for Standardisation (includes BSI etc)


CFM Communications Facilities Management - for private networks.


CFT Cross-File Transfer - extension of FTP. Software of management and file transfer developed by the Crédintrans company. Mainly used in France and in banks.


CGA Colour Graphics Adaptor - obsolete PC/XT graphics standard.


CGI Common Gateway Interface: protocol to exchange data with programs on the web site server (and see ISAPI).


Characters (and see encoding).
See VisiBone: e.g. HTML Characters, Alpha Codes
Following are the characters generated by Alt 128 (hold down Alt and type 128 on the keypad and release Alt) onwards:
  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
  128   Ç ü
  130   é â ä à å ç ê ë è ï
  140   î ì Ä Å É æ Æ ô ö ò
  150   û ù ÿ Ö Ü ø £ Ø × ƒ
  160   á í ó ú ñ Ñ ª º ¿ ®
  170   ¬ ½ ¼ ¡ « » ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦
  180   ¦ Á Â À © ¦ ¦ + + ¢
  190   ¥ + + - - + - + ã Ã
  200   + + - - ¦ - + ¤ ð Ð
  210   Ê Ë È i Í Î Ï + + ¦
  220   _ ¦ Ì ¯ Ó ß Ô Ò õ Õ
  230   µ þ Þ Ú Û Ù ý Ý ¯ ´
  240   ­ ± = ¾ § ÷ ¸ ° ¨
  250   · ¹ ³ ² ¦ 

Characters inserted by HTML giblets are:
  &amp; &   &lt; <   &gt; >   &iexcl; ¡   &cent; ¢   &pound; £
  &curren; ¤   &yen; ¥   &brvbar;¦   &sect; §   &uml; ¨   &copy; ©
  &ordf; ª   &laquo; «   &not; ¬   &shy; soft hyphen   &reg; ®   &macr; ¯
  &deg; °   &plusmn;±   &sup2; ²   &sup3; ³   &acute; ´   &micro; µ
  &para;   &middot;·   &cedil; ¸   &sup1; ¹   &raquo; »   &frac14;¼
  &frac12; ½   &frac34;¾   &iquest;¿   &szlig; ß   &nbsp; space   &euro; €
  &Aacute; &aacute; . . .   Á á É é Í í Ó ó Ú ú Ý á
  &Agrave; &agrave; . . .   À à È è Ì ì Ò ò Ù ù
  &Acirc; &acirc; . . .   Â â Ê ê Î î Ô ô Û û
  &Atilde; &atilde; . . .   Ã ã Ñ ñ Õ õ
  &Auml; &auml; . . .   Ä ä Ë ë Ï ï Ö ö Ü ü ÿ
  &Ccedil; &ccedil; Ç ç
  &THORN; &thorn; Þ þ
  &AElig; &aelig; Æ æ
  &ETH; &eth; Ð ð
  &Oslash; &oslash; Ø ø

Use the &... forms for   &   <   >   and extra spaces, and for:

  &Alpha; Α   &Beta; Β   &Gamma; Γ   &Delta; Δ   &Epsilon; Ε   &Zeta; Ζ   &Eta; Η   &Theta; Θ   &Iota; Ι   &Kappa; Κ   &Lambda; Λ   &Mu; Μ
  &Nu; Ν   &Xi; Ξ   &Omicron; Ο   &Pi; Π   &Rho; Ρ   &Sigma; Σ   &Tau; Τ   &Upsilon; Υ   &Phi; Φ   &Chi; Χ   &Psi; Ψ   &Omega; Ω
  &alpha; α   &beta; β   &gamma; γ   &delta; δ   &epsilon; ε   &zeta; ζ   &eta; η   &theta; θ   &iota; ι   &kappa; κ   &lambda; λ   &mu; μ
  &nu; ν   &xi; ξ   &omicron; ο   &pi; π   &rho; ρ   &sigma; σ   &tau; τ   &upsilon; υ   &phi; φ   &chi; χ   &psi; ψ   &omega; ω
  &radic; √   &fnof; ƒ   &bull; •   &hellip; …   &prime; ′   &Prime; ″   &oline; ‾   &frasl; ⁄   &trade; ™   &larr; ←   &uarr; ↑   &rarr; →
  &darr; ↓   &harr; ↔   &prod; ∏   &sum; ∑   &minus; −   &infin; ∞   &cap; ∩   &int; ∫   &asymp; ≈   &ne; ≠   &equiv; ≡   &le; ≤
  &ge; ≥   &loz; ◊   &spades; ♠   &clubs; ♣   &hearts; ♥   &diams; ♦   &OElig; Œ   &oelig; œ   &Scaron; Š   &scaron; š   &Yuml; Ÿ   &yuml; ÿ   &circ; ˆ
  &tilde; ˜   &ndash; –   &mdash; —   &lsquo; ‘   &rsquo; ’   &sbquo; ‚   &ldquo; “   &rdquo; ”   &bdquo; „   &dagger; †   &Dagger; ‡   &permil; ‰
  &lsaquo; ‹   &rsaquo; ›   &euro; €   &and; ∧   &ang; ∠   &cup; ∪   &divide; ÷   &exist; ∃   &forall; forall&;   &hArr; ⇔
  &isin; ∈   &nabla; ∇   &ni; ∋   &not; ¬   &or; ∨   &part; ∂   &perp; ⊥
  &prop; ∝   &rArr; ⇒   &sigmaf; ς   &sub; ⊂   &sube; ⊆   &sup; ⊃   &supe; ⊇   &there4; ∴   &times; ×
  &#1575; ا   &#1576; ب   &#1577; ة   &#1578; ت   &#1579; ث   &#1580; ج   &#1581; ح   &#1582; خ   &#1583; د   &#1584; ذ   &#1585; ر   &#1586; ز
  &#1587; س   &#1588; ش   &#1589; ص   &#1590; ض   &#1591; ط   &#1592; ظ   &#1593; ع   &#1594; غ   &#1600; ـ   &#1601; ف   &#1602; ق   &#1603; ك
  &#1604; ل   &#1605; م   &#1606; ن   &#1607; ه   &#1608; و   &#1609; ى   &#1610; ي   &#1611; ً   &#1612; ٌ   &#1613; ٍ   &#1614; َ   &#1615; ُ
  &#1616; ِ   &#1617; ّ   &#1618; ْ   &#1632; ٠   &#1633; ١   &#1634; ٢   &#1635; ٣   &#1636; ٤   &#1637; ٥   &#1638; ٦   &#1639; ٧   &#1640; ٨
  &#1641; ٩   &#1642; ٪   &#1643; ٫   &#1645; ٭

Also see Keyboard Shortcuts Instead of Mouse


children - in javascript, an array of the sub-tags immediately contained within a tag (i.e. within the <TAG . . .>). e.g.   sometag.children.[0]   is the first sub-tag.
See parentElement and all.


CI China Airlines


CIE Commission Internationale d'Eclairaqe - colour definition


CIM Compuserve Information Manager - as in WinCim.


CIS Compuserve Information Service


CIX Comulink Information Exchange - UK BBS, E-Mail, conferencing.

CIX Commercial Internet Exchange (??) - network providers accounting for commercial traffic.


CLI Call Level Interface (as in SAGCLI)


CMOS Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor


CMTS Cable Modem Termination System - cable broadband etc termination at the distribution centre.


<CODE> - designates a block of "program code", but nobody wants to say what this means. It seems to just add a new line and change to a font with fixed character width. e.g.
<CODE><DD>
        if( 2+2 == 5 ){<DD><DD>
                MicrosoftCompiler = true;<DD><DD>
                WaitForEverForSupport();<DD>
        }<BR>
</CODE>                 displays:
if( 2+2 == 5 ){
MicrosoftCompiler = true;
WaitForEverForSupport();
}


CodeWright is a text editor, with assistance for various programming languages. It uses non-proportional (fixed width) fonts. The syntax for Regular Expressions is:
. any character except Return
* zero or more of previous
+ one or more of previous
? zero or one of previous
[...] character class
(...) group
| or
$ end of line
^ start of line; or
[^...] to complement
\ escape
\c cursor position after search


COFF Common Object-File Format (basis of PE format for Win32)


Colours in HTML and JavaScript:
Colours are combinations of red #FF0000    , green #00FF00    , and blue #0000FF    .
The three hex bytes control the primary colour pixels directly, so #FFFF00 is yellow    , #FFFFFF is white    , and #000000 is black    .
To lighten a colour, increase the other colours by similar amounts. e.g.#FF8080 is light red    .
The # notation can also be used with just three hex digits. e.g. #F00 is red    .
Several colours have been given names, which can be used in place of the #FF0000 etc. - See msdn: Color Table. (- Note that green is named lime.)
More examples of HTML colours.

Try out colours here (click the is): is            

Background colour is set in HTML by e.g. style="background-color:#FF0000"
or style="background-color:red".
In JavaScript the syntax is e.g. .style.backgroundColor='#FF0000';
or .style.backgroundColor='red';
- note the American spelling of color, and the capital C in the JavaScript.
- See msdn: BACKGROUND Attribute | background Property.
Backgrounds should normally be light colours to make any foreground text more visible.

Foreground colour is set in HTML by e.g. style="color:#FF0000"
or style="color:red".
In JavaScript the syntax is e.g. .style.color='#FF0000';
or .style.color='red';
- See msdn: color Attribute | color Property.
Foreground colours (usually for text) should normally be dark.


COM - Component Object Model or something like that. Microsoft's attempt to wrap up any old code in an interface which will fit together with any other old code wrapped up in a similar interface. That way they can serve up the same old junk for ever (so what else is new). The interface is the same as for Pure Virtual classes in C++.   COM modules have a version number, and other COM modules can specify which version they want to use. This is supposed to make updates much easier to implement. The problem then is whether any particular update should result in a whole new COM module, or be incorporated into the current COM module but in such a way the the old interface is still supported exactly. So nothing is easier, but people can write books about it.
See COM Glossary for some terms and definitions, Distributed Objects & Components: COM / DCOM / COM+ / MTS / MSMQ / OLE / ActiveX for boring stuff, and Factories.
Also see Apartment, and CoCreateInstance.
COM threading models by Rama Krishna is a good tutorial.


Comment - The reason always given for not commenting code ("No time") is always false. The other reason always given ("The code is in C++ (or whatever) and is self-commenting") is a joke, not a reason. The real reasons are:
Not knowing what to say: This arises from the Standard Programming Method - copying a lump of code (itself uncommented) and making random changes until it does what you want.
Leaving no evidence (1): A mistake in the code is just a bug, but a similar error in a plain English comment reveals that you did not know what you were doing.
Leaving no evidence (2): You did understand what you were doing, but it was so appalling that the least said about it the better.
Leaving no evidence (3): The code has been stolen and the comments removed to make this less obvious.
Future generations: Why trivialise their work experience by making the code easy to understand.


<CONTENTOF>...</CONTENTOF>
Just an alternative block bracketing. Used when there is no other obvious way of setting the limits of a block, e.g. when ##local.define something to a block of stuff. May enclose anything from a single character up.
HtmlRender.cpp CHTMLRenderer::CHTMLBlockFetcherImpl::GetBlock(...) gets the next block of matching <xxx>...</xxx>. If xxx is CONTENTOF then discard the start and end tags and just return the text between, else return the tags as well.


Core Gateway Historically, one of a set of gateways (routers) operated by the Internet Network Operations Center at BBN. The core gateway system forms a central part of Internet routing in that all groups had to advertise paths to their networks from a core gateway.


CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture
See DCOM and CORBA Side by Side


CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check


CREN Corporation for Research and Educational Networking - merger of BITNET and CSNET.


CSNET Computer + Science Network


CSO Internet directory server - type of Gopher.


CSS See Cascading Style Sheets.


CSSI Cascading Style Sheets (W3C) for HTML styles accross mult pages.


CTI Computer Telephone Integration - voice + data.


CTS Clear To Send - EIA control signal.


CUA Common User Access (IBM) - HCI part of SAA. Becoming universal.


CX Cathay Pacific (Singapore)


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