KingJohns Guide Masking Bad Frames

Virtual Dub 1.5X has the ability to mask bad frames automatically, so you would only need to save out another copy of the AVI using Video/Audio > Direct stream copy. Vdub 1.5X when told to "Scan Video Stream for errors" would automatically mask the bad frames and the saved copy would now have the bad frames replaced not deleted.

This gives a problem if the audio used has VBR (Variable Bitrate) a warning would be given as soon as you loaded the AVI, and so Vdub MP3 would be used instead.

http://www.movieking.co.uk imageSee also guide for deleting bad frames

Tools
Virtual Dub
Virtual Dub MP3 Freeze

To get around the VBR audio problem, you could convert it to CBR (Constant Bitrate) then if you scanned for bad frames the automatic masking could be used once more.

When you delete bad frames, both the audio and video of that section is deleted. During playback you may hear a jump in the speech, and may even notice a flicker from one frame to the next where the bad frames were removed.

When you "Mask" bad frames, they are replaced with the last good complete previous images, but the audio track that goes with those bad frames remains the same. Now if that audio is also damaged, then it may be better just to delete the bad frames, as shown here.

If you received a VBR warning, you can convert the sound to PCM (Uncompressed) then you can reload the AVI to use the automatic masking feature once more.

Vdub 1.5X
Video > Direct Stream Copy
Audio > Full processing mode
SAVE AVI

Your newly saved AVI now has uncompressed audio, which could later be converted back to MP3, but for now, lets just replace any bad frames.

If you got no VBR warning, or you have now uncompressed the audio as above, you can now use Vdub 1.5X to scan for bad frames.

Vdub 1.5X
Video > Scan Video Stream for errors
Video > Direct Stream Copy
Audio > Direct Stream Copy
SAVE AVI

This would now save the AVI, but would automatically mask the bad frames (Not delete them) so your new AVI's audio may play without problems. During playback, if there was a section where there were a lot of bad frames, the audio would continue!, but the video may seam to freeze, as at that section the masked frames were replaced with previous frames.

If you intend keeping the AVI, and its size is now large because the audio is now uncompressed, you can convert the audio back to MP3

Vdub 1.5X
Video > Direct Stream Copy
Audio > Full processing Mode
Audio > Compression > Codec > MP3 > Bitrate ?
SAVE AVI

Your New saved AVI now has the bad frames masked with previous good frames, and now has MP3 audio, which will bring the size back down to somewhere near the original size.

You could also do this using Vdub MP3 to get the list of bad frames, then you could switch back to the normal Vdub 1.5X and mark those frames to be "Masked" Using this method you would not need to uncompress the audio, as the save would be done using streaming while the audio has not been deleted, so the problem of VBR should not have any effect.

Both of these methods, may also help, if you intend adding sub titles, where removing bad frames would throw them out.

(Note this is not the same method used in the other bad frame guide)

Vdub MP3
1, Load AVI  into Vdub MP3
2, Select Video > Check video for freezes

http://www.movieking.co.uk image

When the scan has finished, it will either report that no bad frames have been found, or that they have been found and logged. For those AVI's with bad frames, you can continue by quitting Vdub MP3 and loading the normal Vdub for masking.

1, Quit Vdub MP3, and load the normal Vdub 1.5X
2, Open the log file with notepad and view the contents. (c:\badframes.log)
 
Bad Frame Report from VirtualDub-Mp3
================================
12345
12346
12347
12348
12349
12350

Press return to insert a blank line on each group. This makes it easier to work with later.

3345667
3345668
3345669
3345670

From the above log file we can see the bad frames start at 12345 but stop at 12350 and start again at 3345667 and finally finishing at 3345670.

A few tips might help you with this task
(Control C = Copy)
(Control V = Paste)
(Double click text to select all)

Marking the bad frames for masking
Go to the log file and highlight the highest number "3345670" and copy the number, now switch to Vdub and select from the menu Edit > Go to and paste that number into the box.

When this is done, the slide bar will jump to that frame number, at the same time you may see a report that the frame is bad.

http://www.movieking.co.uk image
Now click the yellow keyframe Icon forward once

Now you can mark this as the end by clicking the black arrow at the bottom right
http://www.movieking.co.uk image

Go to the log file again and highlight the lowest number of that block "3345667" and copy this number, now switch to Vdub and select from the menu Edit > Go to and paste that number into the box. When this is done, the slide bar will jump to that frame number, at the same time you may see a report that the frame is bad.

Now you can mark this as the start by clicking the black arrow at the bottom left.
http://www.movieking.co.uk image

KeyFrames
Although in this guide, I have shown marking the end only at keyframes, and the other guide its showing marking both the start and the end at keyframes. This is not a mistake :)- Since this is a new guide, I thought I would point out, that the start can be marked at a delta frame, so long as the next scene is marked at a keyframe. You can if you wish mark both start and end at keyframes.

You have now marked the start and end of the highest number blocks 3345667 to 3345670 you may see a small blue line at the progress bar. If there are only a few frames it may be hidden.
http://www.movieking.co.uk image

Now that this section is marked select Edit > Mask Selected Frames

Those frames will disappear from sight, now do the same thing again with the next group of numbers (If you have any)
In this example 12345 to 12350 and again select Edit > Mask Selected Frames

When you have masked all the bad frames, save out another copy using streaming.

Video > Direct stream copy
Audio > Direct stream copy
SAVE AVI

Because this method is not deleting the audio, or deleting the video, the VBR problem should give no problems. If it does use the other method described