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Iran: Uranium enrichment

 

Iran nuclear: War power, U.S. Congress U.N. resolutions: S. Con. Res. 78, H. Con. Res. 341

 

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Senate:

S. Con. Res. 78

House:

H. Con. Res. 341

War power:

Like father, like son

Congressional Record (Iran*)

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

 

 

Senate

 

{152 Congressional Record S251-S252 (January 27 2006)}:

 

“ Senate Concurrent Resolution 78 —

Condemning the Government of Iran for Violating Its International Nuclear Nonproliferation Obligations and Expressing Support for Efforts to Report Iran to the United Nations Security Counsel

Mr. Frist (for himself, Mr. Reid, Mr. Allard, Mr. Allen, Mr. Biden, Mr. Brownback, Mr. Burr, Mrs. Clinton, Mr. Coleman, Mr. Crapo, Mr. Ensign, Mrs. Feinstein, Mr. Graham, Mr. Hagel, Mr. Kyl, Mr. Lieberman, Mr. Lugar, Ms. Mikulski, Mr. Nelson of Florida, Mr. Santorum, Mr. Schumer, Mr. Talent, Mr. Warner, Mr. McCain, Mr. Voinovich, Mr. Dodd, Ms. Cantwell, Mrs. Boxer, Mr. Feingold, Mr. Kerry, and Mr. Menendez) {additional sponsors: Mr. Isakson, Ms. Collins} submitted the following concurrent resolution; which was considered and agreed to:

S. Con. Res. 78

Whereas Iran is a non-nuclear-weapon State Party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, done at Washington, London, and Moscow July 1, 1968 (commonly referred to as the “Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty”) {25kb.pdf}, under which Iran is obligated, pursuant to Article II of the Treaty,

“not to receive the transfer from any transferor whatsoever of nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices or of control over such weapons or explosive devices directly, or indirectly; not to manufacture or otherwise acquire nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices; and not to seek or receive any assistance in the manufacture of nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices”;

Whereas Iran signed the Agreement Between Iran and the International Atomic Energy Agency for the Application of Safeguards in Connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, done at Vienna June 19, 1973 (commonly referred to as the “Safeguards Agreement”) {81kb.pdf}, which requires Iran to report the importation and use of nuclear material, to declare nuclear facilities, and to accept safeguards on nuclear materials and activities to ensure that such materials and activities are not diverted to any military purpose and are used for peaceful purposes and activities;

Whereas Iran signed the Protocol Additional to the Agreement Between Iran and the International Atomic Energy Agency for the Application of Safeguards in Connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons at Vienna on December 18, 2003 (commonly referred to as the “Additional Protocol”) {117kb.pdf};

Whereas the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) reported in November 2003 {324kb.pdf} that Iran had been developing an undeclared nuclear enrichment program for 18 years and had covertly imported nuclear material and equipment, carried out over 110 unreported experiments to produce uranium metal, separated plutonium, and concealed many other aspects of its nuclear facilities and activities;

 

“ Ron Paul {4:43}: But is it not true that the Iranians have a right to nuclear power?

And is it not true that they have not been found in any violations?

And is it not true that there is no absolute concrete evidence that they are developing a nuclear bomb? ...

Robert Joseph: In terms of the question of a right, we have avoided the whole debate over theoretical rights — because I can tell you, that Iran does not have the right, to enriched uranium, if it’s for the purpose of a nuclear weapon. ...

In terms of Iran, and its violations, it is in violation of its NPT and IAEA safeguards commitments. That was clearly found to be the case, in September, by the IAEA Board of Governors {IAEA Doc. GOV/2005/77, September 24 2005, 44kb.pdf, ¶ (h): “pursuing a policy of concealment up to October 2003”}. ...

In terms of no evidence of a bomb, I think that Dr. ElBaradei’s most recent report makes very clear that, after three years of extensive, intensive investigations in Iran by the IAEA inspectors, he is still unable to state, that there has not been a diversion.”

Robert Joseph (Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security (T), U.S. State Department), testimony, United States Policy Toward Iran–Next Steps (U.S. Congress 109-2, House International Relations Committee, Hearing, March 8 2006). C-Span video {4:01:09, at 1:51:01 (Q/A), 1:54:48 (quote)}.

 

Query:Iran ... is in violation”?

 

“ Hans Blix {0:11}: The IAEA Board of Governors has not asserted, that Iran is violating the Nonproliferation Treaty.”

Hans Blix (Chairman, Weapons of Mass Destruction Commission, Stockholm; IAEA Director General, 1981-1997), replying to Richard Roth (CNN, Diplomatic License) (United Nations, Press Conference, June 1 2006) {U.N. webcast, press conferences, video, 36:59, at 23:34 (Q/A), 24:34 (quote)}.

 

“ 46. A detailed overall assessment of Iran’s nuclear programme and the Agency’s efforts to verify Iran’s declarations with respect to that programme was provided by the Director General in November 2004 [GOV/2004/83, ¶¶ 106-114] {239kb.pdf} and again in September 2005 [GOV/2005/67, ¶¶ 42-52] {94kb.pdf}.

As indicated in those reports, Iran has made substantial efforts over the past two decades to master an independent nuclear fuel cycle, and, to that end, has conducted experiments to acquire the know-how for almost every aspect of the fuel cycle.

Many aspects of Iran’s nuclear fuel cycle activities and experiments, particularly in the areas of uranium enrichment, uranium conversion and plutonium research, had not been declared to the Agency in accordance with Iran’s obligations under its Safeguards Agreement.

Iran’s policy of concealment continued until October 2003, and resulted in many breaches of its obligation to comply with that Agreement, as summarized in the Director General’s report of September 2005 [GOV/2005/67, ¶¶ 4-8] {94kb.pdf}.

47. Since October 2003, Iran has taken corrective actions with respect to those breaches.”

IAEA Doc. GOV/2006/15, February 27 2006, ¶¶ 46-47, pages 9-10 (cited next).

 

Query:Diversion”?

 

“ 53. As indicated to the Board in November 2004, and again in September 2005, all the declared nuclear material in Iran has been accounted for. Although the Agency has not seen any diversion of nuclear material to nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices, the Agency is not at this point in time in a position to conclude that there are no undeclared nuclear materials or activities in Iran. The process of drawing such a conclusion, under normal circumstances, is a time consuming process even with an Additional Protocol in force.”

Mohamed ElBaradei (IAEA Director General), Report to the IAEA Board of Governors, Implementation of the NPT Safeguards Agreement in the Islamic Republic of Iran, ¶ 53, page 11 (IAEA Doc. GOV/2006/15, February 27 2006, derestricted March 8 2006) {80kb.pdf}.

 

“ 112. All the declared nuclear material in Iran has been accounted for, and therefore such material is not diverted to prohibited activities. The Agency is, however, not yet in a position to conclude that there are no undeclared nuclear materials or activities in Iran. The process of drawing such a conclusion, after an Additional Protocol is in force, is normally a time consuming process.”

Mohamed ElBaradei (IAEA Director General), Report to the IAEA Board of Governors, Implementation of the NPT Safeguards Agreement in the Islamic Republic of Iran, ¶ 112, page 10 (IAEA Doc. GOV/2004/83, November 15 2004, derestricted November 29 2004) {239kb.pdf}.

 

“ 52. ... To date, there is no evidence that the previously undeclared nuclear material and activities referred to above were related to a nuclear weapons programme.”

Mohamed ElBaradei (IAEA Director General), Report to the IAEA Board of Governors, Implementation of the NPT Safeguards Agreement in the Islamic Republic of Iran, ¶ 52, page 10 (IAEA Doc. GOV/2003/75, November 10 2003) {324kb.pdf}.

 

Query:Over 110 unreported experiments”?

{To come.}

 

Query:Plutonium”?

“ Plutonium Separation

In 1990 and in the course of a bench scale experiment designed to separate molybdenum, iodine and xenon from fission products for medical purposes, insignificant quantities of plutonium (200 micrograms) were also extracted;

The results of some of the research experiments were published in scientific journals;

In 1992, following the relocation of the laboratory, the project was confined to separation of the three items and no further plutonium was separated;

The equipment and irradiated material have been shown to Agency inspectors.”

Statement (omitted by the IAEA from its website) by the Iranian representative at an IAEA Board of Governors meeting, November 2003 (part of a paper distributed after the statement, entitled “Why Iran’s Nuclear Program is Exclusively Peaceful”), reprinted in Iranian Nuclear Policy & Activities: Complementary Information to the Report of the Director General (GOV/2005/67), pages 73-86, at 84-85 (September 12 2005) (Permanent Mission of the Islamic Republic of Iran to the United Nations and other International Organizations in Vienna, IAEA Doc. INFCIRC/657, 15 September 2005) {495kb.pdf}.

“ 76. On the basis of a subsequent recalculation carried out by it using corrected irradiation data and a corrected equation, Iran acknowledged in May 2004 that its theoretical estimations of the quantities of plutonium produced had been understated (micrograms rather than milligrams) and accepted the Agency’s estimate of about 100 mg as having been correct.”

Mohamed ElBaradei (IAEA Director General), Report to the IAEA Board of Governors, Implementation of the NPT Safeguards Agreement in the Islamic Republic of Iran, ¶ 76, page 17 (IAEA Doc. GOV/2004/83, November 15 2004, derestricted November 29 2004) {239kb.pdf}.

____________________

 

Query:100 milligrams”?

That’s a tenth of a gram.

Let’s see—

That’s one-fifth the weight of a Monarch butterfly.

That would be about—

One butterfly wing?

“ Question: How much does a Monarch usually weigh, and how do you weigh one?

Answer: They weigh about half a gram. To give you some perspective, a dime weighs about 2 grams, so it would take 4 monarchs to equal the weight of a dime. We put them in a special kind of envelope and put the envelope on a very sensitive scale, then subtract the weight of the envelope to give us the weight of the monarch.”

Karen Oberhauser (Director, Monarchs in the Classroom Program; Adjunct Professor, University of Minnesota, Department of Ecology; President, Monarch Butterfly Sanctuary Foundation), “Answers From the Monarch Butterfly Expert.”

The theoretical critical mass of plutonium is 10.5 kilograms. But that won’t explode, so you need about 13 kilograms to make the world’s smallest nuclear weapon (if you know how to do it).

Let’s see now—

13 kilograms—

That’s 13 million milligrams.

But they only made 100 milligrams.

So, they need to repeat their tedious experiment, 130 thousand times, to get enough plutonium, to make a bomb.

That’s if they could figure out, how to collect-up, every last one, of those microscopic specks, from the trash, left over from their experiment, which they buried in the ground, more than a decade ago, and dug-up recently, to show the IAEA inspectors.

Microscopic specks, each one a toxic chemical poison and a death-dealing, DNA-mutating, alpha-beta-gamma, radiation hazard.

And that was only one experiment.

129,999 to go.

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And, if they spend about 10 years, and a fortune, to figure-out how to make such a small bomb (because you need some added ingredients).

Then, they would have one tiny bomb, about equal to less than 1 B-52 plane-load of ordinary iron bombs (W-54: 0.18 kilotons, about 20 2000-pound bombs), or maybe 3 plane-loads (W-48: 70 m.tons, about 75 2000-pound bombs).

Wow.

But, they wouldn’t know if it worked, or not.

So, first, they would have to test it.

By blowing it up.

Then, they wouldn’t have their bomb anymore.

They’d have to start all over again.

Another 130,000 experiments.

All those invisible specks, to gather up.

Each time.

Depressing.

I wonder how much electricity they could generate.

With all that money, and effort.

“ Nuclear weapons take care of the strategic ego, they don’t solve our economic problems. Forty percent of South Asia still lives below the poverty line.”

Maqsud Hassan Nuri (senior research fellow at Islamabad Policy Research Institute), quoted by Pepe Escobar, “In the heart of Pipelineistan” (Asia Times, March 17 2006) (the IPI: Iran-Pakistan-India pipeline).

  CJHjr

 

Whereas the Government of Iran informed the Director General of the IAEA on November 10, 2003, of its decision to suspend enrichment-related and reprocessing activities, and stated that the suspension would cover all activities at the Natanz enrichment facility, the production of all feed material for enrichment, and the importation of any enrichment-related items;

Whereas, in a Note Verbale dated December 29, 2003, the Government of Iran specified the scope of suspension of its enrichment and reprocessing activities, which the IAEA was invited to verify, including the suspension of the operation or testing or any centrifuges, either with or without nuclear material, at the Pilot Fuel Enrichment Plant at Natanz, the suspension of further introduction of nuclear material into any centrifuges, the suspension of the installation of new centrifuges at the Pilot Fuel Enrichment Plant and the installation of centrifuges at the Fuel Enrichment Plant at Natanz, and, to the extent {152 Cong. Rec. S252} practicable, the withdrawal of nuclear material from any centrifuge enrichment facility;

Whereas, on February 24, 2004, the Government of Iran informed the IAEA {207kb.pdf} of its decision to expand the scope and clarify the nature of its decision to suspend to the furthest extent possible the assembly and testing of centrifuges and the domestic manufacture of centrifuge components, including those related to existing contracts, informed the IAEA that any components that are manufactured under existing contracts that cannot be suspended will be stored and placed under IAEA seal, invited the IAEA to verify these measures, and confirmed that the suspension of enrichment activities applied to all facilities in Iran;

Whereas, in November 2004, the Governments of the United Kingdom, France, and Germany entered into an agreement with Iran on Iran’s nuclear program (commonly referred to as the “Paris Agreement”) {80kb.pdf}, securing a formal commitment from the Government of Iran to voluntarily suspend uranium enrichment operations in exchange for discussions on economic, technological, political, and security issues;

Whereas the Department of State has reported for a decade on Iran’s state sponsorship of terrorism and has declared in its most recent Country Reports on Terrorism that Iran

“remained the most active state sponsor of terrorism in 2004”;

 

Query:State sponsor of terrorism”?

This designation began life as a lie:

“ Iran has continuously been designated a state sponsor of terrorism by the U.S. Department of State since January 19, 1984 ... pursuant to section 6(j) of the Export Administration Act of 1979, 50 U.S.C. app. § 2405(j).

This designation arose in part as a result of the October 23, 1983 attack.”

Royce C. Lamberth (U.S. District Court Judge), Memorandum Opinion (merits), May 30 2003 {138kb.pdf}, pages 21, 7 n.7, Peterson v. Islamic Republic of Iran (D.D.C., 01-CV-2094, filed Oct. 3 2001, default judgment Dec. 18 2002, merits judgment May 30 2003).

October 23 1983 was the bombing of the U.S. Marine Corps barracks in Beirut, killing 241 U.S. soldiers, and — 8 minutes later, and 4 miles away — the French barracks, killing 56 French soldiers.

President Ronald Reagan labeled these two attacks, “acts of terrorism,” and the bombers, “international criminals and thugs”:

“ The President: ... Yesterday’s acts of terrorism in Beirut which killed so many young American and French servicemen were a horrifying reminder of the type of enemy that we face in many critical areas of the world today — vicious, cowardly, and ruthless. ...

With our allies — England, France, and Italy — we’re part of a multinational peacekeeping force seeking a withdrawal of all foreign forces from Lebanon ...

We must not allow international criminals and thugs such as these to undermine the peace in Lebanon ...

Bill Applegate (WLS, Chicago): ... What specifically is the military mission of the marines?

The President: Well, you have to go back a little bit in memory on the situation there in the Middle East.

We know, of course, our country, since 1948, has been pledged to the continued existence and the security of Israel. ...

[F]or a number of years now, Lebanon has been torn with strife. They’ve had factions ... war lords set up with their own military forces ... Israel had been forced across its own border, was shelling Beirut ... PLO militias inside Beirut were shelling back ... Syria ... had crossed from the other border ...

And this was why the multinational force went in — to provide that stability so that when the Lebanese forces moved out, as the other forces, the Israelis and the Syrians left, there could be a maintenance of order behind them. ...

Rollin Post (KRON, San Francisco): ... Would you address the other argument that ... if you’re going to do a job, go into Lebanon and do it with some real force ...

The President: But you see what that entails — and that is the difficult thing — we would then be engaged in the combat. We would be the combat force. We would be fighting against Arab States, and that is not the road to peace. ... But to join into the combat and become a part of the combative force, actually all we would really be doing would be increasing the number of targets and risking, really, the start of overall conflict and world war.”

Ronald W. Reagan (U.S. President, Jan. 20 1981-1989 Jan. 20), “Remarks and a Question-and-Answer Session With Regional Editors and Broadcasters on the Situation in Lebanon{copy} (October 24 1983), 1983 PPPUS 1500-1505 at 1501, 1502-1503 (book 2) {Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: Ronald Reagan, 1983 (book 2), SuDoc: GS 4.113:983/BK.2, ISSN: 0079-7626, LCCN: 58061050, OCLC: 9054188, 1198154, GPOcat, LL: paper, DL, WorldCat}.

This lie was part of the cover-up of another lie:

Six weeks before the Marine Corps barracks bombing, Ronald Reagan, in secret, on September 11 1983, ordered the U.S. military to depart from its published peacekeeping role, and to initiate combat, as a belligerent, in that war.

Ronald Reagan violated his promise to Congress:

“ In carrying out this mission, the American force will not engage in combat. It may, however, exercise the right of self-defense and will be equipped accordingly. ... there is no intention or expectation that U.S. Armed Forces will become involved in hostilities.”

Ronald W. Reagan (U.S. President, Jan. 20 1981-1989 Jan. 20), “Letter to the Speaker of the House and the President Pro Tempore of the Senate Reporting on United States Participation in the Multinational Force in Lebanon{copy} (September 29 1982), 1982 PPPUS 1238 (book 2) {SuDoc: GS 4.113:982/BK.2}. And see Lebanon Emergency Assistance Act of 1983, Public Law 98-43, June 27 1983, 97 Stat. 214, and Multinational Force in Lebanon Resolution, Public Law 98-119, October 12 1983, 97 Stat. 805, 50 U.S.C. §1541 note.

And, his promise to the United Nations:

“ It is my firm intention and belief that the presence of the troops will serve to assist the Government of Lebanon in the furtherance of its objectives, and that they will not be involved in hostilities during the course of this operation.”

Ronald W. Reagan, letter to the U.N. Secretary-General (September 24 1982), U.N. Doc. S/15435 (September 27 1982) {70.5kb.pdf, via ODS}.

And, his promise to France, Italy, and Lebanon. “Agreement on United States participation in a multinational force in Beirut” (Exchange of notes at Beirut, September 25 1982, TIAS 10509).

U.S. military commanders — knowing the U.S. Congress did not consent to this offensive warfare — nevertheless violated their oath of office, and obeyed the President’s unlawful order.

The U.S. military attacked, with offensive artillery barrages, from ships at sea, to support and assist the combat operations of a belligerent. And, they resupplied thousands of tons of ammunition to that belligerent in the field (Operation Rubber Wall {1315kb.pdf}).

How many people the U.S. military killed, and maimed, in this offensive barrage, when the “USS Virginia (CGN 38) and USS John Rogers (DD 983) fired 338 rounds from their 5-inch guns,” on September 19 1983—

And how many people those thousands of tons of U.S. ammunition killed, and maimed—

I do not know.

I wonder if it was 241+56.

When you decide to become a belligerent, in a war, then guess what:

The other belligerents have the lawful right to attack you.

Their attack is not “terrorism.”

And their valiant warriors are not “international criminals and thugs.”

And the French?

They were part of that self-same “peacekeeping” force, which suddenly decided to become an offensive belligerent combat force.

A salutary lesson, to any nation, contemplating joint operations, foolish enough, to trust the United States of America.

This same decision, by the U.S. military, later, in Somalia (1992) — to violate the humanitarian mission the U.S. Congress approved, and to initiate war, as an offensive combat force, and ambush a meeting of elders — once again justified an armed response, by the citizens of Somalia (Black Hawk Down).

Once again, another lawful military action — not “terrorism” — by those on the receiving end of U.S. military violence.

Ambush is lawful under the laws of war (against combatants, not against a meeting of elders).

Ambush is a violent crime under the laws of peace.

A violent crime for which the responsible U.S. military commanders have not been prosecuted.

Because they are sheltered, by a violent, criminal, terrorist, rogue, state.

{To be continued.}

Beirut 1983-1984: Judicial theft?

John H. Kelly (U.S. Ambassador to Lebanon, 1986-1988; Assistant Secretary of State for the Near East and South Asia, 1989-1991), “Lebanon: 1982-1984,” chapter 6 of Jeremy R. Azrael, Emil A. Payin (editors), U.S. and Russian Policymaking With Respect to the Use of Force (RAND Corporation, Doc. No. CF-129-CRES, 1996, 225 pages).

Rym Ghazal, “Lebanon mulls U.S. extradition requests: America wants five lebanese handed over” (Daily Star, Beirut, February 27 2006): “Other press reports also suggested they were suspected of taking part in a 1983 attack on the U.S. Marines headquarters in Beirut.”

  CJHjr

 

Whereas President of Iran Mahmoud Ahmadinejad expressed, in an October 26, 2005, speech {copy, accord, accord, MEMRI * *, NYT, ISNA (Persian language), official (Persian language)}, his hope for “a world without America” and his desire “to wipe Israel off the map” and has subsequently denied the existence of the holocaust;

 

Query:Wipe Israel off the map”?

Did Mahmoud Ahmadinejad say this?

And, if so, what did he mean?

These are very simple questions to answer.

If you have a transcript, of what he said, and a faithful translation of it.

But these transcripts and translations are carefully concealed, by U.S. and U.K. intelligence officers, implementing the political policy of their governments, to fan the flames of fear, to beat the drums of war.

And I refer to FBIS (CIA) and BBC Monitoring (MI6), who record and translate every word Mahmoud Ahmadinejad speaks, on every such occasion (TV and radio).

Bought and paid for, by U.S. and U.K. taxpayers, but concealed from them, and from Members of Congress (who don’t want to know what he said).

For an explanation, of what I’m talking about, see “FBIS,” an account of a prima facie criminal lie to Congress, by John Bolton, in a similar effort, that time to misquote Fidel Castro, to falsely portray him as a “terrorist.”

Whatever he said, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad is reported as simply quoting the words of his nation’s founding father, in 1979 (Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini).

And what that means is this:

There’s nothing new about what he said.

Iran has not suddenly become a new threat, following the election of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.

Iran’s policy on Israel is unchanged from 1979.

By concealing what he said, U.S. official liars — and that includes most of the Members of the U.S. Congress — want the public to believe that a new danger has suddenly appeared, which must be dealt with.

Whatever danger Iran’s policy on Israel may be, there’s nothing new about it.

The nation’s founding father explicitly referred to the Israeli “regime,” not to the Israeli people.

 

“ Question: Amongst your demands is the annihilation of the state of Israel.

If this leads to Israel’s destruction and victory for the Palestinians, what will be the fate of the Jews?

Answer: The issue of the Jews is quite separate from that of the Zionists.

If the Muslims are victorious over the Zionists, the latter will meet the same fate as the deposed Shah.

However, the Muslims will do nothing to the Jews, for they are a nation like other nations, they will carry on with their lives and they will not suffer dispossession.”

Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini (1902-1989), interview with the West German Radio-Television network, November 8 1979.

 

“ We consider the Jewish community to be completely separate from the issue of Zionism and the Zionists.

The latter are in no way among the people of religion ...

Belief in divine power and turning his attention to the affairs of the weak and oppressed ... was the way of Hazrat Moses ...

Something which is in complete contrast to the plan of this group and these Zionists. ...

They act against the weak and oppressed and contrary to the teachings of Hazrat Moses. ...

They are not Jews. They are political people. Who, calling themselves Jews, perpetrate certain acts.”

Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, speech (Jewish Society of Iran, May 14 1979).

 

“ The actual quote — which comes from an old speech of Khomeini — does not imply military action, or killing anyone at all. ...

The phrase is almost metaphysical.

He quoted Khomeini that:

“The occupation regime over Jerusalem should vanish from the page of time.” ...

Ahmadinejad ... made an analogy, to Khomeini’s determination, and success, in getting rid of the Shah’s government, which Khomeini had said, “must go” (az bain bayad berad).

Then, Ahmadinejad defined Zionism, not as an Arabi-Israeli national struggle but, as a Western plot to divide the world of Islam, with Israel as the pivot of this plan.

The phrase he then used, as I read it, is:

“The Imam said that this regime occupying Jerusalem (een rezhim-e ishghalgar-e qods) must [vanish from] from the page of time (bayad az safheh-ye ruzgar mahv shavad).”

Ahmadinejad was not making a threat.

He was quoting a saying of Khomeini, and urging that pro-Palestinian activists in Iran not give up hope

That the occupation of Jerusalem was no more a continued inevitability than had been the hegemony of the Shah’s government.

Whatever this quotation from a decades-old speech of Khomeini may have meant, Ahmadinejad did not say that “Israel must be wiped off the map,” with the implication that phrase has, of Nazi-style extermination of a people.

He said that the occupation regime over Jerusalem must be erased from the page of time.

Again, Ariel Sharon erased the occupation regime over Gaza from the page of time.”

Juan Cole (Professor of History, University of Michigan), “Hitchens the Hacker” (Informed Comment, May 3 2006).

Subsequently: Jonathan Steele, “If Iran Is Ready to Talk, the US Must Do So Unconditionally” (Guardian, June 2 2006) {copy} (“It is 50 years since the greatest misquotation of the cold war ...”). Ethan Bronner, Nazila Fathi, “Just How Far Did They Go, Those Words Against Israel” (New York Times, June 11 2006). Jonathan Steele, Lost in Translation” (Guardian Unlimited, June 14 2006). Juan Cole, Steele on Ahmadinejad: Of Arenas of Time and Intransitive Verbs” (Informed Comment, June 15 2006). Philip Weiss, “Burning Cole” (The Nation, July 3 2006) {pf}: “Yale was drawn to Cole by top-rank scholarly achievement ... Campus Watch, a pro-Israel group that monitors scholars' statements about the Middle East ... Jewish Week: ‘... at least four major Jewish donors ... have contacted officials at the university urging that Cole's appointment be denied’... Yale's Senior Appointments Committee ... rejected Cole after three other Yale committees had signed off on him ... Cole: ‘If the US really wanted to stop terrorism, it would invade the West Bank and Gaza and liberate the Palestinians to have their own state and self-respect’.”

 

“ Ronald Reagan: Regimes planted by bayonets.

Do not take root. ...

If history teaches anything, it teaches self-delusion, in the face of unpleasant facts, is folly. ...

Given strong leadership, time, and a little bit of hope, the forces of good, ultimately, rally and triumph over evil.

{audio, 0:14} What I am describing now is a plan, and a hope, for the long term. The march of freedom and democracy. Which will leave Marxism-Leninism on the ash heap of history. As it has left other tyrannies. Which stifle the freedom, and muzzle the self-expression, of the people.”

Ronald W. Reagan, (U.S. President, Jan. 20 1981-1989 Jan. 20), “Address to Members of the British Parliament” (Royal Gallery, the Palace of Westminster, London, June 8 1982, 12:14 p.m.), 1982 PPPUS 742-748 {copy} (book 1) {SuDoc: GS 4.113:982/BK.1}.

 

“ Ronald Reagan: There is sin and evil in the world.

And we’re enjoined by Scripture, and the Lord Jesus, to oppose it, with all our might.

Our nation, too, has a legacy of evil, with which it must deal. ...

The commandment given us is clear.

And simple:

Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself.

... We will never compromise our principles and standards. We will never give away our freedom. We will never abandon our belief in God. And we will never stop searching for a genuine peace. ...

{audio, 0:28} To ignore the facts of history.

And the aggressive impulses.

Of an evil empire ...

They are.

The focus of evil.

In the modern world.”

Ronald W. Reagan, (U.S. President, Jan. 20 1981-1989 Jan. 20), “Remarks at the Annual Convention of the National Association of Evangelicals in Orlando, Florida” (Citrus Crown Ballroom, Sheraton Twin Towers Hotel, Orlando Florida, March 8 1983, 3:04 p.m.), 1983 PPPUS 359-364, at 364 {copy} (book 1) {SuDoc: GS 4.113:983/BK.1}.

 

Iran’s policy on Israel is the same as U.S. policy on Iran:

They want regime change:

They want to free the people of Israel from dominion by Zionists. An aggressive, racist, apartheid, violent, criminal, political clique, which corrupts the character of its citizens, wages war on their neighbors, steals their land, destroys their houses, their farms, their livelihoods, their water, and corrals them into open prisons, separated from their friends, their families, their neighbors, dominated by military forces deaf to their cries.

Iran’s policy on Israel is like Sinn Fein’s policy on Ireland: They aspire to a single state, created by, and serving, all its residents.

But, all Iranian officials say the same thing:

They will accept whatever solution the people living there adopt, of their own free will, which cannot be expressed during a military occupation, the Israeli occupation of territory outside its 1949 borders.

The very same borders the U.S. government itself also insists upon (prior to George W. Bush).

 

“ We believe that the only way to restore calm to the troubled Palestine is to stop Zionists’ brutal suppression of the Palestinians, make the occupying regime pull out of occupied lands, and allow the Palestinian people to decide their fate freely.

The international community should bring pressure to bear on Israel to halt its violent acts which has so far claimed so many precious Palestinian lives.”

Hadi Nejad Hosseinian (then Iran U.N. Ambassador), statement, Resumed Tenth Emergency Special Session of the General Assembly on Illegal Israeli Actions in Occupied East Jerusalem and the Rest of the Occupied Palestinian Territory, 14th meeting, New York City, October 20 2000), U.N. Doc. A/ES-10/PV.14, pages 18-20 at 20 {538kb.pdf, via this, or ODS} (U.N. General Assembly, Official Verbatim Record, October 20 2000, 3:00-10:15 p.m.).

 

“ Even if 6 million Jews were killed, they were not killed by the Palestinians.

I have said exactly the same thing before.

But, may be, Mr. Ahmadinejad expresses himself more harshly.

It is the United Nation’s responsibility to compensate everyone in Palestine, both Muslims and Jews.

There should be a referendum, where they can decide their destiny, and not have Israel force its will on people.”

Hussein Ali Montazeri (Grand Ayatollah), 84 year old government critic (“no newspaper dares to print a word I say”), interview in Qom, March 8 2006, by Channel 4 News, reported by Jonathan Miller (Channel 4 News, London, March 13 2006, 7:29 p.m.) (video not posted).

 

Query:United Nation’s responsibility”?

Yes.

Jimmy Carter agrees with Hussein Ali Montazeri:

 

“ The Geneva Accord prescribes: ...

4. The resolution of claims for displaced Palestinians, that focuses on resettlement in the new Palestinian state, or equivalent compensation.

This responsibility would not be on Israel, but on the world community.”

Jimmy Carter (U.S. President, Jan. 20 1977-1981 Jan. 20), speech, “The Major Obstacles to Peace in the Holy Land” (Council on Foreign Relations, New York City, March 2 2006), further cited below.

 

Query:Denied the existence of the holocaust”?

Did Mahmoud Ahmadinejad do this?

Another very simple question to answer.

If you have a transcript, of what he said, and a faithful translation of it.

Which U.S. and U.K. intelligence officers, once again, conceal.

But the reports of what he said are plain, that he absolutely did not deny the holocaust.

He questioned the holocaust, and then he immediately proceeded to speak on the assumption that the holocaust is an historical fact.

Not least because, he said, Europeans themselves admitted there was a holocaust, and admitted that they did it (a previous generation of Europeans).

No holocaust denier ever made such an assumption or ever accepted such confessions.

This indicates the mind of a person who is personally not acquainted with the evidence, but who recognizes that it’s a generally accepted fact and, hence, likely true.

My guess is, the holocaust evidence has not been translated into Persian (Farsi), the language of Iran.

The most extravagant trial in the history of the world, Trial of the Major War Criminals Before the International Military Tribunal, was conducted, with simultaneous translations, in its four official languages (English, French, German, Russian). The transcripts were published by the IMT Secretariat (1947-1949) {SuDoc: W 1.2:C 86, ISBN: 0404536506, LCCNs: 47031575, 70145536, 95081592, WorldCat}, in those four languages, and the U.K. government also published the trial transcripts (1946-1951), but not the many volumes of documents, and only in English: The Trial of German Major War Criminals {ISBN: 0404536506, LCCN: 47015265, WorldCat}. Affidavits and documents were received by the prosecutors, in about 150 languages, but little of that is published, except those referred to in the trial.

I don’t recollect Iran, and it’s language, had anything to do with that trial. Adolph Hitler didn’t send anybody to Iran, to murder anybody.

The 12 additional big trials, before U.S. Military Tribunals, were later published, but only in English, by the U.S. government (1949-1953). These too quote many thousand pages of documents and testimony. Trials of War Criminals before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals under Control Council Law No. 10 {SuDoc: D 102.8, ditto, LCCNs: 49045929, 97071903, WorldCat}.

And likewise, the mostly unpublished, trial transcripts, of U.S. and U.K. military court martial trials, and trials in other countries, in their own languages. A few of these trials are reported, in a 15 thin-volume set, published, but only in English, by the U.K. government (1947-1949): Law Reports of Trials of War Criminals (“Selected and Prepared by the United Nations War Crimes Commission”) {LCCNs: 47022747, 97080284, WorldCat}.

 

Has any of this evidence been  
translated into the Persian language?

Apparently not.

They’re not listed in the University of Tehran library catalogue, in Persian, English, or any other language:

Click “catalogue” first, to get a cookie, for the “Faculty of Law and Political Science” library, before clicking the following search links. These books are not reported in any other UT libraries, either, listed at this “library” link.  CJHjr

 

And so, if you’ve never read any of that evidence, and you’re a public figure, and you’ve listened all your life to Israeli government officials telling lies, about everything under the sun, you will naturally be cautious, in public, endorsing facts which you don’t know to be facts.

A good role model, for U.S. government officials, who continuously, endlessly, relentlessly, assert to be unassailable facts, what they know for a fact, they do not know to be a fact (a “reckless lie”). And omit to mention contrary facts, which they do know to be facts (willfully “misleading” “lies”). And a good example is this very topic, their chorus of deceitful assertions, about Iran’s supposed nuclear weapons program.

Mahmoud Ahmadinejad is a very smart, very rational, character, first in his class in school. That indicates they don’t teach anything about the holocaust in Iranian schools, at least primary and secondary schools. He’s an engineer (as I recollect), and so in university he likely did not study such matters there either.

Nobody taught me anything about the holocaust, in my 19 years in American schools, grammar school (1948-1956), high school (1956-1960), university (1960-1964), law school (1964-1967).

And, on this topic, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad provides a second excellent role model too, another sharp contrast, to deceitful U.S. officials, and that includes most members of Congress:

He’s called for an examination, by Persians, into the facts of the holocaust, to discover what’s true and what, if anything, is untrue.

U.S. government officials, by contrast, are very hostile, to any honest inquiry into facts, about anything, which might thwart their many aggressive, dishonest, political, agendas. And so too the Israelis.

It’s pointless, foolish, and irrational, to pretend people can be compelled, and coerced, to believe a fact. And particularly a fact alien to their history, their culture, their language.

And, it’s likewise foolish and irrational for Iranians to allow themselves to remain in ignorance, of an historical fact as important as the holocaust.

A fact grounded on the most important issues in politics:

How can a democratic government of good, honest, people be subverted by fanatics, liars, and hoodlums, into violent criminal enterprises?

How can good, honest, people can be persuaded, by their government, intimidated, coerced, tempted, paid, bribed, to commit violent crimes?

Why do good, honest, people stand by, while their government officials, and their fellow citizens, wage violent crimes?

What are the defects in their constitution, their laws, which allow these government crimes to proliferate, unchecked? To recruit participants? To coerce them? To keep secret their crimes? To silence and punish whistleblowers, critics? To shelter the government official criminals from prosecution? Including the criminal liars, who make it all possible.

What can good, honest, people do? To stop it?

Educating Iranians about these important facts, and issues, is a very desirable, very laudable initiative, by Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.

And that inquiry can be conducted only by Iranians themselves. People they can trust.

They need to do it.

Leaders, they can trust, need to spend the time necessary, to satisfy themselves about the facts.

And then, those leaders need to make their public pronouncements:

That the holocaust is indeed an historical fact.

That all those good, honest, people did indeed, do all those horrible, criminal, things, and murdered in cold blood, millions, and millions, of people.

That those good, honest, people, did indeed, stand by, and do nothing to stop it.

That many of those good, honest, people, participated in these crimes, without knowing, for sure, that’s what they were doing.

That those good, honest, people, yet had their suspicions, and did not, or could not, investigate, did not, or could not, intervene.

That some of those good, honest, people, nevertheless did what they could, to stop it.

It’s a massive, expensive, lengthy, undertaking.

Still today, a generation later, Iranians may still be translating into Persian, the documents they seized at the American embassy, in November 1979.

At least 77 volumes they’ve published so far, but very few libraries have a copy:

“ The Documents from the U.S. Espionage Den were first brought to the United States from Iran by freelance journalists William Worthy and Randy Goodman in December 1981.

The 13-volume set they attempted to bring in with their luggage was confiscated by the U.S. Customs Service; however, a second set which they sent through the mail arrived safely.

Worthy and Goodman brought the volumes to Scott Armstrong’s attention. The subsequent five-part series of Washington Post articles titled “Iran Documents Give Rare Glimpse of a CIA Enterprise,” beginning on January 31, 1982, brought these documents to national attention. ...

Several U.S. libraries have purchased complete sets, including the Library of Congress and the libraries at Columbia, Harvard, New York University, Princeton and the University of Texas.”

Iran: The Making of U.S. Policy, 1977-1980 (National Security Archive).

Translating just the 42 volumes of the IMT trial, and the 15 volumes of NMT trials, is a staggering prospect. And there is much, much, else besides.

But, today, computers can likely do the bulk of that work, the first draft, which editors can then start work with.

Provided, the Iranians can satisfy themselves, that the electronic texts they could start with — which have already been created over many years, at great expense — are accurate copies, of the original publications, which themselves are faithful copies, of the original transcripts and documents, and that the original transcripts themselves, are faithful to the audio, in the archives.

Mahmoud Ahmadinejad’s plain purpose was not to doubt the holocaust.

His was a rhetorical device to focus minds on what he was about to say. His argument, which is this:

The state of Israel was created by Europeans, to finish Adolph Hitler’s work for him, the ethnic cleansing of Jews from Europe.

They copied what Adolph Hitler did in Poland, his Lebensraum policy: They seized land, expelled its