The Environmental Husbandry Manual

ENCLOSURE DESIGN
Cubbing Dens Egg-laying Sites Nest Boxes Nesting Rings Sheltering Brush Piles Hollow Log "Baskets" Hollow Logs or Barrel Rock Burrow Shelters Stone Shelter Hessian Sacking Heavily Planted Enclosures Living Trees and Large Bushes Aerial Walkway Underground Tunnels High Enclosure Roof	Mesh Roof Covered in Straw Lookout Post Lookout Ramp Viewing Platform Outdoor Climbing Framework Plastic Hoops Swinging Platform Ropes and Branches Mesh Sleeping Baskets Hessian Hammock Raised Shelf in Indoor Houses Resting Platform Rocks and Tree Stumps Rock Ledges Astro-turf Pool Liner	Mud Wallows Pool of Water Large Penguin Pool Multi-Tiered Pools Running Water Water Sprinklers UV-Lighting Windows Electric Barrier Fence Varied Substrates Pebble Beach Wood Chip Electric Anti-Predator Fence Lighting
FEEDING METHODS - PRACTICES
Branch Bowls Branch Feeds Browse Grass Brush Piles Floating Feeds Pool Bottom Feeds Hand Feeding Thrown Food Items	Cuttlebone Live Insects Scatter Feeds (Indoors) Scatter Feeds (Outdoors) Whole Mammalian Carcass Feeds Varied Diet (Nectar-Feeding Birds) Varied Omnivorous Diet (Mammals)	Varied Omnivorous Diet (Reptiles) Separate Feeds Whole Nuts Whole Plant Food Items Multiple Feeds Starve Days
FEEDING METHODS - DEVICES
Astro-turf Boards Corrugated Cardboard Squares Insect Dispenser Tube Insect Feeder Pine Cones Shelled Nut Rope Cored Cabbage or Melon Poster Tubes Food Parcel Wicker Baskets Browse Grid Browse Holder Winter Browse Feeder	Peanut Hoops Large Swinging Puzzle Box External Puzzle Box Hand Held Food Puzzle Maze Feeder Drop Maze Feeder Barrel Feeder Apple Pipe Food Log Swinging Pear Tree Equi-Ball Peanut Feeder Floating Feeder	Swinging Feeding Bowls Grape Feeder Foraging Trough Nectar Feeder Flower Rope Fruit Rope Fruit Rope ‘Necklace’ Frozen Fruit Blocks Fruit Spikes Swinging Bottle Feeder Sunken Pipe Feeder Tube Feeder
MANIPULATORY & PLAY OBJECTS
Cardboard Boxes Plastic Trays, Toys and Rubber Buckets Clothing Large Tractor Tyres	Rubbing Post Mobile ‘Punchbags’ Pumpkin Claw Scratching Post Swinging Scratching Post	Boomer Ball Floating Toys Ice Blocks Nesting Material
SENSORY STIMULATION
Heat Lamps Moving Prey and Scent Trails Moving Lights	Animal Scents Perfume	Playback of Territorial Calls Predator Calls
SOCIAL HUSBANDRY
Mixed Species Enclosures (Primates) Group Housing (Same Primate Species) Mixed Species Enclosures (Reptiles and Amphibians) Group Housing (same reptile species)	Mixed Species Enclosures (Mammals) Group Housing (Carnivores) Mixed Species Enclosures (Different Taxa - Classes) Mixed Related Species (Birds) Penguin Parade	Varying Keeping Staff Separation of Dominant Male Mating Introductions Enclosure Movement