Born into a musical family in Woodville, Miss. on Aug. 27, 1909, Lester
Young toured throughout his teens with the family band lead by his father,
Willis. After trying out many instruments Young setteled on the saxophone
by the age of 13. Between 1927 and 1935 he played with many regional bands,
as well as brief periods with King Oliver and Fletcher Henderson. By then
Kansas City had become his home, and he worked with Bennie Moten and finally
Basie. It was with the Count Basie band of the late 1930s that Young definitely
established his reputation. He showed the jazz world something it had never
before imagined: that all tenor saxophone players did not have to sound
like Coleman Hawkins; Drawing on the same
basic harmonic and rhythm principles as his contemporaries, he offered
a new sound and sense of time and movement that established a cooler, more
laid back alternative that ultimately spread to the other principal horns
in jazz.
In
Chicago Basie and Young recorded "Lady Be Good", a record that would weld
them in a musical partnership neither would ever escape, even after years
working apart. A lot of Young's best early can be found in the Basie band
catalogue on Decca and Columbia. But Young had an alternate life in the
studio with Billie Holiday, who recorded with pianist Teddy Wilson and
key members of the Basie band such as Jo Jones and Buck Clayton. The musical
relationship Young built with Holiday would be as strong and enduring as
the one with Basie, and one which produced several of his finest solos.
Young left Basie in 1941 to work with his brother Lee in Los Angeles. Norman
Granz used Young, Nat Cole and Red Callender on his first record session
in 1942 ("Body And Soul," I Can't Get Started"). There were also memorable
sessions for Keynote ("Afternoon Of A Basieite") and Commodore ("Jo Jo,"
"I Got Rhythm"). Young returned to Basie at the end of 1943, filmed the
jazz classic "Jammin' The Blues" and remained with the band until he was
drafted for military service. After the war Young began the freelance career
that would continue until his death. He made many Jazz At The Philharmonic
tours and recorded often, first for Aladdan and Savoy, then Clef and Verve,
the Granz labels that caught most of his later work. The best of them were
Pres And Teddy and Jazz Giants '56, both made in January 1956. Young died
March 15, 1959, in New York, shortly after returning from Paris, where
he had recorded his final album (Lester Young in Paris, Verve).
Recommended
recordings:
*
The complete Aladdin sessions
/ Blue Note 3278
*
The President plays with the Oscar Peterson Trio / Verve 831-670
*
The Jazz Giants / Verve 825-672
*
Pres and Teddy /
Verve 831-270
*
Jazz Masters 30 /
Verve 521-859