My DNA

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr> <td valign="top" rowspan="2" width=210 BGCOLOR="#99CC99" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="0408dfc3.jpg"> <div> <IMG SRC="37cb5f10.png" border=0 width="181" height="241" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> Chris Drakes in 2005</div> <bR> <div> <><><></div> <bR> <div> I have slightly sallow skin, and appear to be 'white-European', but is that all that I am?</div> <div> <B><IMG SRC="37db47a0.jpg" border=0 width="180" height="122" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></div> <div> 8% of my own DNA is Sub-Saharan African and 7% is Native American; so, is my link to them a result of the American or West Indian slave trade?</div> </td> <td valign="top" colspan=2 height=140 BGCOLOR="#CCCC99" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="0418dfe1esnpes.jpg"> <div> <FONT SIZE="5" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><B>Drax, Dracas, Dracass & Drakes</B></FONT><B>     </B><B>|</B><B>     </B><A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Drax, Dracas, Dracass Drakes"><U><B>home</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id22.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Research"><U>Research</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id60.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="British racial origins"><U>British racial origins</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id53.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="DNA"><U>DNA</U></A>   |   <B>My DNA</B>   |   <A HREF="id57.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="YDNA Project"><U>Y-DNA Project</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id68.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Basques"><U>Basques</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id27.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="When where"><U>When & where</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id58.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Old maps"><U>Old maps</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id28.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Births"><U>Births</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id29.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Marriages"><U>Marriages</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id31.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Deaths"><U>Deaths</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id37.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="In Loving Memory"><U>In Loving Memory</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id26.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Relationships"><U>Relationships</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id19.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Trees"><U>Trees</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id64.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Drax"><U>Drax</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id56.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Darfield"><U>Darfield</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id50.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Ellerton, Charborough Olantigh"><U>Ellerton, Charborough & Olantigh</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id61.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Dracas(s)"><U>Dracas(s)</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id43.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Tealby"><U>Tealby</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id42.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Bayons Manor"><U>Bayons Manor</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id47.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Morton Grange"><U>Morton Grange</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id46.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Thurlby Hall"><U>Thurlby Hall</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id48.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Ludford"><U>Ludford</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id40.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Stainton Hall"><U>Stainton Hall</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id45.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Gunthorpe Hall"><U>Gunthorpe Hall</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id18.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Photos"><U>Photos</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id39.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Mum"><U>Mum</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id25.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Rick"><U>Rick</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id36.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Jeremy"><U>Jeremy</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id49.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Ian"><U>Ian</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id54.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Mark"><U>Mark</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id35.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Martyr"><U>Martyr</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id69.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Waterman"><U>Waterman</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id32.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Sailors life"><U>Sailor's life</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id65.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Worth Matravers"><U>Worth Matravers</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id66.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Woolbridge"><U>Woolbridge</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id51.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="W. 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I have been reliably informed that I looked 'Italian' as a baby, and that my maternal grandmother looked 'Jewish' when elderly. I researched quite a way back on most lines of my family tree and everyone seemed to be English, Irish, or Scottish (from: Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Dorset, Devon, Surrey, Limerick & Aberdeen). There is no hint of anyone being 'Jewish', or from any ethnic minority group. I am what is referred to as 'white-skinned European', but I suspected that there was possibly some Middle-Eastern or Eastern European blood in me somewhere way back. </div> <bR> <div> To resolve this, I ordered all of the tests that the laboratory does for personal DNA research. My test results show the percentages of each ethnic group that I am made from, as well as the routes that my direct male-line and female-line ancestors travelled out of Africa some 170,000 years ago. </div> <bR> <div> Timescales involved: I ordered and paid for some tests by phone via 0845 257 1217. I received the test kits by post two days later and posted them off the next day. My DNA test results began to arrive, one at a time, after about 3 months - some taking much longer than others to complete - one test is expected to take about a year, mainly due to the re-locating of their laboratory with the specialist equipment that is necessary for that specific test. You cannot rush scientific tests, they take as long as they need to take to get accurate results.</div> <bR> <div> <U>My DNA results</U>:</div> <bR> <div> <I><B>NB. The company that carried out some of the more complex DNA tests shown below, on behalf of DNA-Worldwide.com, is no longer trading; however, </B></I><B>DNA-Worldwide is still a strong and dependable DNA testing company and still offers other tests</B><B> </B><B>- </B><A HREF="id53.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="DNA"><U><B>see DNA</B></U></A><B>.</B></div> <bR> <div> 1) <FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Times New Roman" ><U>Y-SNP</U></FONT> chromosome - Paternal line (male) Y-Chromosome DNA. (i.e. father's father's father & etc. This test is for men only; so, ladies need to find a willing male relative with their maiden surname) Male line back to about 170,000 years ago.</div> <bR> <div> My Y-DNA is haplogroup R1b3* [<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Times New Roman" >the </FONT>*<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Times New Roman" > just means that it is not one of the sub-groups</FONT>] (now R1b1b2), which is found predominantly in Western Europe. <I>My direct-line male ancestors are direct descendants of the first modern humans who entered Europe about 35,000-40,000 years ago; they </I><I>were among the tribes that inhabited the caves in Southern France and Northern Spain, where numerous cave paintings have been found, when Britain was still covered by the 'Ice Age' ice-cap. </I>R1b3 is a highly dominant lineage in Western Europe, covering about 40-70% of paternal gene pool of continental Western European populations (Spanish, Catalans Portuguese, French, Danes etc.) and reaching up to 82% in Ireland. [<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Times New Roman" >see additional notes under '</FONT><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Times New Roman" >Y-STR</FONT><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Times New Roman" >' below</FONT>]</div> <bR> <div> 2) <FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Times New Roman" ><U>Y-STR</U></FONT><U> </U>chromosome - Y-chromosome Analysis Report (male) (<U>This 43-marker test is mainly to prove/disprove any relationship to someone else with a similar surname</U>. This test is for men only; so, ladies need to find a willing male relative with their maiden surname)</div> <bR> <div> Y-chromosome Analysis Report (43-marker test to confirm relationship with others of a similar surname) <I>Using all 43 markers, Whit Athey’s Haplotype Predictor gives a 100% positive result: ‘Haplo-group R1b’, and an exact match for the ‘Atlantic modal haplotype’, which is very common in all of Western Europe from Spain to the British Isles and western Scandinavia. It appears that approximately 2.5% in Western European males share this 12 marker signature. Because of its very high frequency, the 46 marker test (as I have undertaken) is especially suited for genealogical purposes. This group is particularly difficult to interpret in that they are found at relatively high frequency in the areas where the Anglo - Saxon and Danish invaders originally called home (Friesland 55%, Norway 30%). The Atlantic modal haplotype is the most common Y-Chromosome DNA signature of Europe’s most common Haplogroup (R1b), with 100% in areas of western Ireland, gradually reducing as you go eastwards until it is scarce in eastern Europe and virtually non-existant beyond the Middle East. More than half of men of European descent belong to R1b, and probably all descend from a single male individual. This group is responsible for a dramatic population explosion over the past 10,000 years, when humans re-colonised Europe as the ice retreated at the end of the last Ice Age 10,000 to 20,000 years ago. They survived the Ice Age in northern Spain & France having arrived from the east 30,000 years ago as part of the paleolithic (old stone age) peoples, who are referred to as 'aboriginal' to Europe, and appear to be the direct ancestors of the Basques peoples of the Pyrenees; they possibly used the Basque language, which is of a uniquely different origin than any other language. Their ancestors were the people who painted the beautiful art in the caves in Spain and France. They produced finely knapped stone ‘leaf points’ which define the Solutrean culture and were culturally distinct from the people in other European Ice Age refuges who are described more generally as Epi-Gravettian. They appear to be the descendants of the first modern humans who entered Europe about 35,000-40,000 years ago (Aurignacian culture). They were the modern humans who were the contemporaries - and perhaps exterminators - of the European Neanderthals. They reached what is now the British Isles about 15,000 years ago which at this time was connected to mainland Europe by land; the rising seawater caused by melting ice not having breached the area now known as the North Sea.</I></div> <bR> <div> <I>Every male on the planet can trace his Y-chromosome back to a single anatomically-modern male ancestor who lived in East Africa and is believed to have migrated out of Africa via the Horn of Africa to Yemen across the Bab el Mandeb just under 80,000 years ago. Only this route would have been passable at the time. </I></div> <bR> <div> The following pdf-file hyperlink takes you to an example of the brilliant 'dnaheritage.com' report for this Y-DNA haplotype R1b3* (now R1b1b2), and includes migratory maps: <FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://www.dnaheritage.com/dnaheritagedemoysnpreport.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.dnaheritage.com/dnaheritagede"><U><B>dnaheritage.com</B></U></A></FONT>. Whilst this may seem very complex at first, it is well worth slowly working through the report to gain an understanding of man's evolution and this group in particular, even if you quickly scan over parts that seem too complex at first (you won't be the only one, as I did this!).</div> <bR> <div> 3) <FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Times New Roman" ><U>MtDNA</U></FONT> Mitochondrial - Maternal line (female) (my ancient female-line origin & migratory route from Africa over 170,00 years ago; i.e. mother's mother's mother & etc. for both men and women. This is <U>not</U> your X-chromosome, as females have two, but other marker's in the nucleus of each of your body cells that reveal only your direct female to female line).</div> <bR> <div> <I>My MtDNA is J*, which confirms my Irish roots on my mother's maternal line, the earliest whom I have traced was surnamed O'Regan, however, being a female, this is her father's surname and the surname will change for each generation going back on the female line. This MtDNA is classed as Near Eastern, and came out of Africa from the 'Horn of Africa' to the Arabian Peninsula, where the majority remained, they spread north and west to Norway and Ireland; the highest European density is in Ireland at 12%, and there is another 'hot-spot' in Norway, but it is scarce elsewhere in Europe and virtually non-existent to the east of Europe. Her female line would appear to be part of the Norwegian-Viking-Irish-DNA. From archeological evidence, the Norwegian Vikings are known to have traded (and probably raided) in the eastern Mediterranean and Arab countries, and to have taken Arab girls back with them. So, her ancestors were probably Norwegian Vikings.</I></div> <bR> <div> <I>There is also a theory that</I><I> this MtDNA</I><I> haplogroup J may have come to western Europe, from the Arabian Peninsula, towards the end of the last Ice Age, and travelled north and west as the Glacial Maximum retreated. If so, the Norwegian Viking theory could still aply, and there are some in Iceland as well, and it was also occupied by Norwegian Vikings.</I></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <IMG SRC="4f076c80.jpg" border=0 width="118" height="200" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> Ellen Mary O'Regan (1832/4-1913) of Adare, Limerick, Ireland, my earliest known MtDNA ancestor; so, she is apparently the descendant of a Norwegian Viking male and an Arab female, who met as a result of the Viking trade with Arab lands, and whose descendants eventually settled in Limerick, Ireland. [see: '<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="id62.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="A Gordon Highlander"><U>A Gordon Highlander</U></A></FONT>' for the rest of this family photo]</div> <bR> <div> <IMG SRC="41c20c10.jpg" border=0 width="800" height="449" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> Broad Street, Adare, co. Limerick, Ireland in 1923.</div> <div> This is where Ellen Mary O'Regan was born about 1832/4, some 80 years earlier.</div> <bR> <div> <FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Times New Roman" >4) </FONT><U>Ancestry by DNA 2.5</U><FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Times New Roman" > (Worldwide genetic makeup - </FONT>this test is no longer available; see alternative test '<B><U>World DNA Population Match</U></B>' below<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Times New Roman" >)</FONT></div> <bR> <div> <I>I was absolutely astonished when I read my results, as I hadn't even remotely suspected what they were about to reveal. However, the whole experience has been really exciting. My results show parts of my ancestry that I will probably never be able to trace using documentary evidence. </I><I>I am now awaiting the test results for a close maternal cousin to confirm my suspicions as to which side of my family the African-American DNA is from.</I></div> <bR> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7014000000000.png" HEIGHT="21" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">82% European (this part is further broken down in the next test)</div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7014000000000.png" HEIGHT="21" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">8% Sub-Saharan African</div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7014000000000.png" HEIGHT="21" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">7% Native American</div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7014000000000.png" HEIGHT="21" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">3% East Asian</div> <bR> <div> <I>I suspect that my Sub-Saharan African and Native American DNA comes from one individual, possibly the descendant of an American slave - a very exciting new aspect for my research. </I><I>My maternal lines appear to be the origin of my non-English DNA results, as most of my paternal lines are Lincolnshire & Yorkshire farmers.</I><I> I have an unknown maternal-line male ancestor, who had an illegitimate daughter in the 1830s at </I><FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="id65.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Worth Matravers"><U><I><B>Worth Matravers</B></I></U></A></FONT><I>, Dorset; he may have been an </I><I>African-American</I><I> sailor anchored at nearby Swanage, Poole or Weymouth? There is also the possibility that it was she who was African-American. The family came from Worth Matravers, Acton & Lytchett Matravers, Dorset. My only other un-confirmed maternal-line ancestor, from this generation, had a daughter in the 1820s at St. Marylebone, London. I am awaiting the test results for a maternal cousin to confirm my suspicions that these non-European DNA results come from my maternal side, so that I can narrow down my research. My next task will be to find a descendant of each of the two suspected source-lines, who is as distantly related to me as possible, and then see if their DNA also matches my results. Obviously, it will not be proof even then, as these specific results could come from another of their ancestral lines that is unrelated to me, but an absence might prove it wasn't one of these two ancestors - barring adoption or 'affairs' in the intervening generations. I'm beginning to think that I need to test everyone in the extended family - given a very large Lottery Win and their consent!</I></div> <bR> <div> <FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Times New Roman" >5) </FONT><U>Euro DNA 1.0</U><FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Times New Roman" > (Indo-European Breakdown, which should be seen as percentages of the 82% European above - </FONT>this test is no longer available; see alternative test '<B><U>World DNA Population Match</U></B>' below<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Times New Roman" >)</FONT></div> <bR> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7014000000000.png" HEIGHT="21" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">39% Northern European</div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7014000000000.png" HEIGHT="21" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">33% Southeastern European</div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7014000000000.png" HEIGHT="21" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">16% MiddleEastern</div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7014000000000.png" HEIGHT="21" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">12% South Asian</div> <bR> <div> <U>Combination of 4) & 5) results</U></div> <bR> <div> This is a mixture of all my ancestors and is not in direct percentages according to the position in my tree; i.e. a grandparent is unlikely to be 25% of my DNA, nor a great grandparent 12.5%; however, somewhere in my last five generations, there was someone with a significant amount of each ethnic grouping.</div> <bR> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7014000000000.png" HEIGHT="21" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">31.98% Northern European</B> (part of 82% European) includes Great Britain, Ireland The Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Russia (and former SSR), Poland, Ukraine, Czech Republic, Lativia, Estonia, Belgium, northern France, Austria.</div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7014000000000.png" HEIGHT="21" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">27.06% Southeastern European</B> (part of 82% European) includes Spain, Portugal, Greece, Turkey, Hungary, Romania, Yugoslavia, Croatia, southern France, Bulgaria.</div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7014000000000.png" HEIGHT="21" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">13.12% Middle Eastern</B> (part of 82% European) includes Egypt, Syria, Labanon, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Yemen, western Afganistan, (all countries on the southern edge of the Mediteranean Sea and abutting the Red Sea and Persian Gulf) <FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Books/SM_tsn/ch1s1.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Books"><U><B>The Arab Tribes</B></U></A><B> </B></FONT></div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7014000000000.png" HEIGHT="21" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">9.84% South Asian</B> (part of 82% European) includes India, Pakistan, eastern Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan. (Sadly, this is too small a percentage to identify the actual tribe; this type of result is normally obtained from direct-line Y-DNA or MtDNA results) <FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://www.culturopedia.com/Tribes/tribesintro.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.culturopedia.com/Tribes/tribe"><U><B>The Races of India</B></U></A><B> </B></FONT>& <FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://www.khyber.org/betak/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=1060&p=7466" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.khyber.org/betak/viewtopic.ph"><U><B>The Impact of Afghanistan</B></U></A><A HREF="http://www.khyber.org/betak/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=1060&p=7466" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.khyber.org/betak/viewtopic.ph"><U><B> on India and Pakistan</B></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7014000000000.png" HEIGHT="21" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">8% Sub-Saharan African</B> includes populations from Sub-Saharan Africa such as Nigeria and Congo region. (Sadly, this is too small a percentage to identify the actual tribe; this type of result is normally obtained from direct-line Y-DNA or MtDNA results) <FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://www.africaguide.com/culture/tribes/index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.africaguide.com/culture/tribe"><U><B>The African Tribes</B></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7014000000000.png" HEIGHT="21" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">7% Native American</B> includes populations that migrated from Asia to inhabit North, South and Central America. (Sadly, this is too small a percentage to identify the actual tribe; this type of result is normally obtained from direct-line Y-DNA or MtDNA results; however, my 'World DNA Match' test below, shows me as strongly linked to the Native American Indians of Michigan) <FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://www.native-languages.org/languages.htm#alpha" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.native-languages.org/language"><U><B>The Native American Tribes</B></U></A></FONT> & <FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://www.americanindians.com/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.americanindians.com/"><U><B>American Indian Tribes</B></U></A></FONT> & <FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/michigan/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/mi"><U><B>Michigan Indian & other Tribes</B></U></A></FONT>. I found Kevin Costner's '<I>100 Nations</I>' 1994 DVD set, book and music CD absolutely fantastic; I totally commend the DVD set to you if you have the slightest interest in the Native American peoples; all of these items are still readily available via Amazon & Ebay.</div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b7014000000000.png" HEIGHT="21" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">3% East Asian</B> includes Japanese, Chinese, Mongolian, Korean, Southeast Asians and Pacific Islanders, including populations native to the Philippines. [<I>3% is the minimum amount of DNA that will show up in these tests; anything less will give a 0% result. This small part of my DNA could be from the days when the Mongol Empire raided the Ottoman Empire; many modern-day Turkish-Cypriots claim Mongol ancestry as a result of these raids</I>] (Sadly, this is too small a percentage to identify the actual tribe; this type of result is normally obtained from direct-line Y-DNA or MtDNA results)</div> <bR> <div> <I>What a </I><I>m</I><I>ongrel</I><I> I am; this really is a case of '</I><I>m</I><I>ixed race', or maybe more of a racial-soup</I><I>! Yet, like millions of others, it doesn't show in my physical appearance, and none of my ancestors, whose photographs I have, appear to look other than white-skinned European.</I></div> <bR> <div> <I>Since it normally requires at least 30-35% of any DNA group to affect your appearance, my slightly sallow complexion probably comes from my 27.06% Southeastern European DNA, rather than the other DNA groups. I am unlikely to have any outward-appearance signs of the five lesser-percentage groups (e.g. facial features, or skin and hair colouring). I am still awaiting my full European ethnic breakdown results, which should given me further information about my two European results above. </I></div> <bR> <div> <I>The Chinese discovered the world in 1421, including the west and east coasts of north & south American, the West Indies, the west and east coasts of Africa, Australia, New Zealand (see The Year China Discovered the World 1421, by Gavin Menzies). Some settled  in the countries they visited, and left traces of their DNA in the indigenous populations. It is quite possible that the Sub-Saharan African, Native American and East Asian all come from one person in American, whose descendants may have come to England.</I></div> <bR> <div> <I>Mongolians invaded the Ottoman Empire and apparently left DNA traces in the Turkish peoples. I have recently spoken to two Turkish-Cypriots who told me that their elderly relatives claim to be descended from the Monguls. If my 27.06% southeastern European DNA is Turkish or Greek it may well acount for the 3% 'East Asian'.</I></div> <bR> <div> The following link gives a good breakdown of <FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://www.dnatribes.com/populations.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.dnatribes.com/populations.htm"><U><B>The DNA Tribes of the World</B></U></A></FONT> and offers DNA checks to confirm your Tribal Ancestral makeup.</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <IMG SRC="38ee8ee0.jpg" border=0 width="1000" height="750" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> The Seven Major Racial Groups of the World</div> <div> (map courtesy of <FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://www.dna-worldwide.com/ancestry-testing/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.dna-worldwide.com/ancestry-te"><U><B>dna-worldwide.com</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <bR> <div> <I>These DNA tests are a really exciting project; they have inspired me to try and check my male Y-DNA with others who have the same or similar surname in an attempt to link the ten 'Drax / Dracas(s) / Drakes' trees that I have compiled </I> [<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="id57.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="YDNA Project"><U><B>see Y-DNA Project</B></U></A></FONT>].</div> <bR> <div> 6) <FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Times New Roman" ><B><U>World DNA Population Match</U></B></FONT> ('<U>cultural' or 'regional' origin rather than an 'ethnic' one</U>) [<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Times New Roman" >e.g. Zorastrians are ethnically 'Arab' but were driven out of Persia by the Iranians; their present-day 'cultural' origin is 'Asian Indian' where the majority of them now live.</FONT>]</div> <bR> <div> This test creates your own Unique DNA Identity Profile from 16 DNA markers and compares them with over 250 present-day population groups to give my 'cultural' or 'regional' ancestry, rather than sepcifically 'ethnic' ancestry. I was hoping that it would provide some clues to my African and Native American tribal origins, as well as narrow down some of my other rather exotic DNA results to specific regions in recent history.</div> <bR> <div> I have now received my results for this test and, just like my other results, I have been absolutely astonished with my current World DNA Population Match results; the top 20 present-day matches are listed in order of highest percentage match. (NB. these are not 'ethnic' results, but matches with current populations, and my own research shows me as 'English'; I have found no-one in my family who was born outside of Lincolnshire, Yorkshire, Derbyshire, Dorset, Devon, London, and Ireland, but have two lines that I cannot trace back before the early 1800s, in the generation where I have 32 direct-line ancestors):</div> <bR> <div> 1. Andalusians (al-Andalus - Spain) (<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://mathildasanthropologyblog.wordpress.com/2008/10/29/mitochondrial-dna-diversity-in-an-archaeological-site-in-al-andalus/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://mathildasanthropologyblog.wordpre"><U><B>Andalusians</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <div> 2. Portuguese (<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_language" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_"><U><B>Portuguese</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <div> 3. Michigan Native American (<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/michigan/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/mi"><U><B>Michigan Native Americans</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <div> 4. Oriya Brahmin (India) (<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utkala_Brahmins" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utkala_Brah"><U><B>Oriya Brahmin</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <div> 5. Kayasth (India) (<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kayastha" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kayastha"><U><B>Kayasth</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <div> 6. Bangladesh (<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh"><U><B>Bangladesh</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <div> 7. Basques (<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_people" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_peop"><U><B>Basques</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <div> 8. Catalans (Spain) (<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_people" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_peo"><U><B>Catalans</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <div> 9. Mozabites (Algeria) (<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozabite" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozabite"><U><B>Mozabites</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <div> 10. Rajput (India) (<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajput" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajput"><U><B>Rajput</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <div> 11. Gope (India) (<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://www.xomba.com/the_history_of_the_abhirs_and_yadavas_of_ancient_bharat_varse_4" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.xomba.com/the_history_of_the_"><U><B>Gope</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <div> 12. Chinese (<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ethnic_groups_in_China" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_eth"><U><B>Chinese</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <div> 13. Azores (<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azores" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azores"><U><B>Azores</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <div> 14. Karan (India) (<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karen_people" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karen_peopl"><U><B>Karan</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <div> 15. Belgian (<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgium" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgium"><U><B>Belgian</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <div> 16. Alabama Caucasian [<FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Times New Roman" >I can find no suitable websites for this white American group</FONT>]</div> <div> 17. Brahmin (India) (<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmin" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmin"><U><B>Brahmin</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <div> 18. Northern and Central Moroccan Berber (<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://www.al-bab.com/arab/background/berber.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.al-bab.com/arab/background/be"><U><B>The Berbers</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <div> 19. Argentinian (<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentina" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentina"><U><B>Argentinian</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <div> 20. S. Paulo (Brazil) (<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Pa"><U><B>São Paulo</B></U></A></FONT>)</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <IMG SRC="60b2cba0.jpg" border=0 width="300" height="442" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"> <IMG SRC="60d14ba0.jpg" border=0 width="276" height="442" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <I>An Algerian Mozabite man & a Mozabite street with a Mosque</I></div> <bR> <div> <IMG SRC="61018ba0.jpg" border=0 width="280" height="442" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"> <IMG SRC="61328ba0.jpg" border=0 width="296" height="442" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <I>Moroccan Beber women - these would really fit in with one of my family surnames: 'Dancer'</I></div> <bR> <div> <I><IMG SRC="61a2c9e0.jpg" border=0 width="300" height="414" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"> </I><I><IMG SRC="62c2c9d0.jpg" border=0 width="300" height="413" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"> <IMG SRC="6312c9e0.jpg" border=0 width="300" height="414" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></I></div> <div> <I>Native American Indians</I></div> <div> <I><IMG SRC="61d2c9e0.jpg" border=0 width="300" height="414" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"> </I><I><IMG SRC="61b2b9e0.jpg" border=0 width="299" height="414" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"> <IMG SRC="6332c9e0.jpg" border=0 width="300" height="414" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></I></div> <bR> <bR> </td> </tr></table></body>