/**
 * @(#)DTMFapplet1.java 1.0 15/12/02
 * by Andy Murray
 *
 * This applet mimics the DTMF (Dual Tone Multi Frequency) behaviour of a telephone
 * pad. The idea of DTMF is that there are different notes for each row and column.
 * The button you press gives two notes - one for its row and one for its column.
 * In this applet you 'play' the pairs of notes by holding the mouse down on a button
 * for as long as you want the notes to last. Releasing the mouse button stops the notes.
 *
 * Unlike real phones, this applet allows you to interact with the settings to change
 * the notes, timbres, volumes and pan settings. It addresses the computer's sound
 * hardware and, if it finds a valid MIDI port, it presumes this is the standard
 * General MIDI kind, with predictable implementation and 128 timbres.
 *
 * Why did I do it? Because this was the original reason I wanted to learn java!
 * I had a music education CD-ROM published about 6 months ago with various activities
 * for secondary pupils. One of these is a project about using music to send secret
 * messages. There's an area of my website that can be accessed from links in the CD-ROM.
 * That is where I propose to add this applet so that pupils can use it in their 'secret
 * message' compositions. Anyone who has sent a text message from a mobile phone can see
 * how it could be used.
 *
 * I'd set myself the target of being able to generate individual MIDI messages (not just
 * play preset files) by the end of this 1-year Java course. So I'm pretty pleased that
 * I've been able to do it just before the end of the first term!
 *
 */

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.applet.*;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.event.*;
import javax.sound.midi.*;
import TimbreChoice;
import NoteChoice;
import ControllerSlider;

public class DTMFapplet1 extends Applet implements	MouseListener,
													ItemListener,
													ChangeListener,
													ActionListener
{
	CardLayout cardLayout;
	Box box;
	Label lblMessage;	//*****************************for debug peeking
	Panel pnlPhonePad, pnlChanSettings;
	JTextArea jtaIntroMessage;
	JLabel jlblTitle;
	TimbreChoice tcRowTimbre, tcColTimbre;
	ControllerSlider csRowPan, csRowVol, csColPan, csColVol;
	Label lblLogo, lblRowTimbre, lblColTimbre;
	NoteChoice[] ncRow, ncCol;
	JButton jb, jbtnIntro;
	int CHAN_ROW=0;
	int CHAN_COL=1;

	Synthesizer synth;
	MidiChannel[] chans;
	MidiChannel chanRow, chanCol;

	public void init()
	{
		try
		{
			synth = MidiSystem.getSynthesizer();
			synth.open();
			chans = synth.getChannels();
			chanRow = chans[CHAN_ROW];
			chanCol = chans[CHAN_COL];
		}
		catch (MidiUnavailableException e)
		{
			setMessage("Sorry, MIDI not found on this system!");
			//I'd like to find a way of popping this up, like a javascript alert
		}

		lblMessage = new Label("                     ");	//**************************
		lblLogo = new Label("DTMFplayer",Label.CENTER);
		lblLogo.setFont(new Font("Serif",Font.BOLD,15));
		lblLogo.setBackground(Color.green);

		makeIntro();

		this.setBackground(Color.white);
		this.setSize(420,450);
		this.add(box);

		makeNoteChoices();
		makePhonePadPanel();
		makeChanSettingsPanel();
		defaults();

//		add(lblMessage);	//*******************************
	}

	private void makeIntro()
	{
		box = new Box(BoxLayout.Y_AXIS);
		jlblTitle = new JLabel("What is DTMFplayer?",JLabel.LEFT);
		jlblTitle.setFont(new Font("Sans Serif",Font.BOLD,20));

		jtaIntroMessage = new JTextArea("\nDTMFplayer is a bit like a telephone keypad, but it needs to find MIDI on your system else it won't work. "+
					"Hold down the mouse button on any key in the pad and you will hear its dialing signal.\n\nUnlike a real phone, you can change the notes used for "+
					"each row and column of the keypad. You can also choose 2 separate timbres, "+
					"stereo pans and volumes for rows and columns.\n\nWith DTMFplayer, you can "+
					"turn text-messaging into an interesting music performance experience!",
					14,30);
		jtaIntroMessage.setLineWrap(true);
		jtaIntroMessage.setWrapStyleWord(true);
		jtaIntroMessage.setEditable(false);
//		jtaIntroMessage.setBackground(Color.yellow);
		jtaIntroMessage.setFont(new Font("Sans Serif",Font.PLAIN,15));

		jbtnIntro = new JButton("Try it out now >");
		jbtnIntro.addActionListener(this);

		box.add(jlblTitle);
		box.add(jtaIntroMessage);
		box.add(jbtnIntro);
	}

	private void makeNoteChoices()
	{
		ncRow=new NoteChoice[4];
		ncCol=new NoteChoice[3];
		for (int i=0;i<3;i++)
		{
			ncRow[i]=new NoteChoice(NoteChoice.LAYOUT_VERT);
			ncCol[i]=new NoteChoice(NoteChoice.LAYOUT_VERT);
		}
		ncRow[3]=new NoteChoice(NoteChoice.LAYOUT_VERT);
	}

	private void makePhonePadPanel()
	{
		pnlPhonePad = new Panel(new GridLayout(5,4,4,4));
		pnlPhonePad.add(lblLogo);
		pnlPhonePad.add(ncCol[0]);
		pnlPhonePad.add(ncCol[1]);
		pnlPhonePad.add(ncCol[2]);

		StringTokenizer stButtonLegends = new StringTokenizer("&nbsp;,1,ABC,2,DEF,3,GHI,4,JKL,5,MNO,6,PQRS,7,TUV,8,WXYZ,9,&nbsp;,*,&nbsp;,0,&nbsp;,#",",");
		for (int i=0;i<4;i++)
		{
			pnlPhonePad.add(ncRow[i]);
			for (int j=0;j<3;j++)
			{
				jb = new JButton("<html><center><b><font face=Arial color=green>"+stButtonLegends.nextToken()+"<br><font size=+1>"+stButtonLegends.nextToken());
				jb.setBackground(Color.black);
				jb.setToolTipText("click-hold to play");
				jb.setActionCommand(i+""+j);
				jb.addMouseListener(this);
				pnlPhonePad.add(jb);
			}
		}
	}

	private void makeChanSettingsPanel()
	{
		tcRowTimbre = new TimbreChoice(CHAN_ROW);
		tcRowTimbre.addItemListener(this);
		tcColTimbre = new TimbreChoice(CHAN_COL);
		tcColTimbre.addItemListener(this);
		lblRowTimbre =new Label("Row settings: ", Label.RIGHT);
		lblRowTimbre.setFont(new Font("Sans Serif",Font.BOLD,14));
		lblRowTimbre.setBackground(Color.lightGray);
		lblColTimbre = new Label("Column settings: ", Label.RIGHT);
		lblColTimbre.setFont(new Font("Sans Serif",Font.BOLD,14));
		lblColTimbre.setBackground(Color.lightGray);

		csRowPan = new ControllerSlider(CHAN_ROW,ControllerSlider.PAN,false);
		csRowPan.addChangeListener(this);
		csRowVol = new ControllerSlider(CHAN_ROW,ControllerSlider.VOL,false);
		csRowVol.addChangeListener(this);
		csColPan = new ControllerSlider(CHAN_COL,ControllerSlider.PAN,false);
		csColPan.addChangeListener(this);
		csColVol = new ControllerSlider(CHAN_COL,ControllerSlider.VOL,false);
		csColVol.addChangeListener(this);

		pnlChanSettings=new Panel(new GridLayout(4,2));
		pnlChanSettings.add(lblRowTimbre);
		pnlChanSettings.add(tcRowTimbre);

		pnlChanSettings.add(csRowPan);
		pnlChanSettings.add(csRowVol);

		pnlChanSettings.add(lblColTimbre);
		pnlChanSettings.add(tcColTimbre);

		pnlChanSettings.add(csColPan);
		pnlChanSettings.add(csColVol);
	}

	private void setMessage(String message)	//************************
	{
		lblMessage.setText(message);
		lblMessage.validate();
		this.validate();
	}

	private void defaults()
	{
		//set up as near as poss to the actual dtmf phone settings
		//notes
		ncCol[0].setNoteNum(86);
		ncCol[1].setNoteNum(88);
		ncCol[2].setNoteNum(90);
		ncRow[0].setNoteNum(74);
		ncRow[1].setNoteNum(76);
		ncRow[2].setNoteNum(78);
		ncRow[3].setNoteNum(80);
		//timbres
		tcRowTimbre.select(80);
		progChange(chanRow,80);
		tcColTimbre.select(80);
		progChange(chanCol,80);
		//pan
		csRowPan.setValue(32);
		ctrlChange(chanRow,ControllerSlider.PAN,32);
		csColPan.setValue(96);
		ctrlChange(chanCol,ControllerSlider.PAN,96);
		//setVolumes to 100 (per chan)
		ctrlChange(chanRow,ControllerSlider.VOL,100);
		ctrlChange(chanCol,ControllerSlider.VOL,100);
		//reset all controllers (per chan)
		ctrlChange(chanRow,121,0);
		ctrlChange(chanCol,121,0);
	}

	//event listeners////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
	//MOUSE--------------------------------------

	public void mousePressed(MouseEvent me)
	{
		JButton pressed = (JButton)me.getSource();
		String ac = pressed.getActionCommand();
		int row = ac.charAt(0) - '0';
		int col = ac.charAt(1) - '0';
//		setMessage(row+" "+col+" on");
		noteOn(chanRow,ncRow[row].getNoteNum(),96);
		noteOn(chanCol,ncCol[col].getNoteNum(),96);
	}

	public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent me)
	{
		JButton pressed = (JButton)me.getSource();
		pressed.setFocusPainted(false);
		String ac = pressed.getActionCommand();
		int row = ac.charAt(0) - '0';
		int col = ac.charAt(1) - '0';
//		setMessage(row+" "+col+" off");
		noteOn(chanRow,ncRow[row].getNoteNum(),0);
		noteOn(chanCol,ncCol[col].getNoteNum(),0);
	}

	public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent me)
	{
		//do nothing (but this method needs to be here to implement MouseListener)
	}

	public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent me)
	{
		//do nothing (but this method needs to be here to implement MouseListener)
	}

	public void mouseExited(MouseEvent me)
	{
		//do nothing (but this method needs to be here to implement MouseListener)
	}

	//CHOICE-------------------------------------------
	public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent ie)
	{
		TimbreChoice changed = (TimbreChoice)ie.getSource();
//		setMessage("timbre "+changed.getSelectedIndex()+" on chan "+changed.getChan());
		progChange(chans[changed.getChan()], changed.getSelectedIndex());
	}

	//SLIDERS-------------------------------------------
	public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent ce)
	{
		ControllerSlider changed = (ControllerSlider)ce.getSource();
		ctrlChange(chans[changed.getChan()], changed.getControllerNum(), changed.getValue());
	}

	//BUTTON---------------------------------------------
	public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae)
	{
		this.setVisible(false);
		this.removeAll();
		this.add(pnlPhonePad);
		this.add(pnlChanSettings);
		this.setBackground(Color.lightGray);
		this.validate();
		this.setVisible(true);
	}

	//MIDI transmisson /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

	public void noteOn(MidiChannel chan, int pitch, int vel)
	{
		chan.noteOn(pitch, vel);
	}

	public void noteOff(MidiChannel chan, int pitch)
	{
		chan.noteOn(pitch, 0);
	}

	public void progChange(MidiChannel chan, int progNo)
	{
		chan.programChange(progNo);
	}

	public void ctrlChange(MidiChannel chan, int type, int value)
	{
		chan.controlChange(type,value);
	}
}